Stephen



`edges of these wings to the rochinstead oi` a single tapering point,v By raising and slightly turning the tube.' 1f

IMPROVEMENT In Driv3r PuMPsf.Y

'dille .5:11am ruimt t1 iu tlpsirttrts aturt mit uniting tutt nf tige simu.

TOALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERVN: 'Y g g Be it known that I, STEPHEN WAI:LEof the city of New Bedford, county of Bristol, and State'ot Massa` chusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Driven Pumps; audIAdo' hereby declare that the following is' a full, clear, and exact description thereof,` vreference beiug'had totheaccompanying drawings',4 which form a part of this specification, and in which-similar letters `represent similarjparts in all the views.

My invention relates to'an improvedmanner of constructing andoperating the class of wells usually denominated driven-water wells. l i p g The usualV method of operation is substantially 'as follows.: After driving` down-a drill or rod of iron itis withdrawn; an iron tube is inserted in .the hole th'usf'i'ormed, through which thewater is drawn' by a pump attached to the top of the tube, the latter serving both as a pump-barrel and curb for the well.` It' is provided with holes, slots, or any other simple means, at the lower endto admit'the `water, andwhen .sunk tothe required depth the pump is applied and the water and sand pumped out until a clear `space is formed around the' lower; end of the tube, serving asa lreservoir .for thewater. In diilerent localities we have to penetrate thug-round` from ten to thirty feet, and have frequently to drive the drill or tube through boulders and strata oi' sand and other rock, requiring great force and Strength to' penetrate them. Itis foundimpracticable` to drive and with: .draw a solid drill-rod more thauabo'ut twenty feet, and for all below that depth we must dispense with the drill'f and Adrive the tube itself', indoing which serious diiicultyoccurs when the tube or pointed plug with which it is shod comes in contact with the sideof a smooth roel; and glances-aside from a vertical line, in which'casethe hole must be abandoned, the tube withdrawn, and anotherv spot tried; and on withdrawing the tube I have fria-` quently found it split, shattered,`or bent, vand the point or shoe lost off entirely. When the tube is down to the required depth i't is perfectly practicable to pump out all sand and gravel whichmay enter the tube by a 'pump adapted to that purpose, but sand-and'gravel (and especially quicksand) afterward enter and collect in the bottom'. of the pipe, causing great annoyance in pumping and using the water. i

4The object of my Vinvention is, therefore, to arm the well-tube with a lpointedshoe of such shape thatit cam be driven through or beside all` obstacleswithout departing from a'vertcal line, and to provide a means for 1 V keeping the tube free from sand and sediment at all times. p u I Figure l is an outside view of the lower end of the tube with my improveddrilhpoint or shoe. v Figure 2, a vertical section of the same, showing my method of keeping the tube free from sand and sediment. f Figures 3 and4 are transverse sectionson linesA B and() D; and Figure 5 represents my improved point as combined with a tube and appli-ed to a pump. l a. represents the. lower end of the `well-tube, which is provided with holes, slots, oroth-er'cheap and suitable means for admitting water. I provide this tube with the drill-shaped point or shoe b, of the peculiarform shown, f; l secured to the tube by a screw-thread or other equally'strong method. Itrwill belseen that the solid portion of. the shoe tapers to a pointthe better to force aside the sand,gravcl, and rock whichl it must pass through. To 3, enable it to cut through instead of to glance from the sidling surface of boulders, I providc the shoe with the i; 4wings c c, any desirable number of which .may be providedhfrom two or three'upward, thusprescnting the sharp.4 l

when 4boring through hard rock all the advantages of Vn. sharpv cutting drillare obtained,`while the solid taper ing portion of the point serves as a wedge to force aside or split the rock, To keepfthe'tube free from sedimcn provide and insert a rotating apparatus, consisting ofa r'od, cZ, providedlwithhtwo or morespiral wingse e, the lower endof the rod d being flattened like an ordinary reamer, and the whole apparatus resting loosely on `the upper end of the shoe. I pcrtforate the Shoo b with the holes' fj', or thcirequivalcnt. On theupwardlstroke of the pump thc current of wateracting upon the wings eewill turp the entire apparatus. The i'eamerfsihaped point ofthe rod cl thus scrapes andloosens the sand and sediment'collected, which pass entirely'out ofy thehtubc` through the'holes ff provided in the Shoe for that purpose. i K i g Having thus describedl my improvements, what I claim as my invention, and desire to'secure Aby Letter Patcnt,is` i g i l 1. The withiu-doscribed perforated drill-shaped point or shoe b applied to a. perforated tube, a, and arranged 1 l in connection with a pump, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. I g i 2. The within-desmibed arrangement and combination of the rotating apparatus, the perforated shoevb,`and perforated tube a, when applied to a pump, all being constructed and operated substantially :is-and for the pur-j. y

poses set forth. g

Dated at Titusville, Pennsylvania, this twenty-seventh day of March, A.`D. 1867. g g

' .STEPHENWAITn Witnesses: I

ANDnEW B. HOWLAND, E. AO. ADAMS. p 

